Protecting Livestock. Improving Human Lives

Duration of Immunity Induced after Vaccination of Cattle with a Live Attenuated or Inactivated Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Vaccine

Author: Andy Haegeman, Ilse De Leeuw, Laurent Mostin, Willem Van Campe, Wannes Philips, Mehdi Elharrak, Nick De Regge and Kris De Clercq

Year: 2023

About this Publication:

Vaccines have proven themselves as an efficient way to control and eradicate lumpy skin disease (LSD). In addition to the safety and efficacy aspects, it is important to know the duration for which the vaccines confer protective immunity, as this impacts the design of an efficient control and eradication program. We evaluated the duration of immunity induced by a live attenuated vaccine (LSDV LAV) and an inactivated vaccine (LSDV Inac), both based on LSDV. Cattle were vaccinated and challenged after 6, 12 and 18 months for LSDV LAV or after 6 and 12 months for the LSDV Inac. The LSDV LAV elicited a strong immune response and protection for up to 18 months, as no clinical signs or viremia could be observed after a viral LSDV challenge in any of the vaccinated animals. A good immune response and protection were similarly seen for the LSDV Inac after 6 months. However, two animals developed clinical signs and viremia when challenged after 12 months. In conclusion, our data support the annual booster vaccination when using the live attenuated vaccine, as recommended by the manufacturer, which could potentially even be prolonged. In contrast, a bi-annual vaccination seems necessary when using the inactivated vaccine.

Grant: VITAL

Subject Areas: Research and Development

Diseases: Lumpy Skin Disease

URL https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/1/210

Keywords:

Duration of Immunity, Vaccines, lumpy skin disease

Download Publication (PDF)